Most important candlestick patterns forex

The 5 Most Powerful Candlestick Patterns.

Candlestick charts are a technical tool that pack data for multiple time frames into single price bars. This makes them more useful than traditional open-high, low-close bars (OHLC) or simple lines that connect the dots of closing prices. Candlesticks build patterns that predict price direction once completed. Proper color coding adds depth to this colorful technical tool, which dates back to 18th century Japanese rice traders.

Steve Nison brought candlestick patterns to the Western world in his popular 1991 book, "Japanese Candlestick Charting Techniques." Many traders can now identify dozens of these formations, which have colorful names like bearish dark cloud cover, evening star and three black crows. In addition, single bar patterns including the doji and hammer have been incorporated into dozens of long - and short-side trading strategies. (For related reading, see Candlestick Charting: What Is It? )

Candlestick Pattern Reliability.

Not all candlestick patterns work equally well. Their huge popularity has lowered reliability because they've been deconstructed by hedge funds and their algorithms. These well-funded players rely on lightning-speed execution to trade against retail and traditional fund managers who execute technical analysis strategies found in popular texts. In other words, hedge fund managers use software to trap participants looking for high-odds bullish or bearish outcomes. However, reliable patterns continue to appear, allowing for short - and long-term profit opportunities. (See also: The Multiple Strategies of Hedge Funds .)

Here are five candlestick patterns that perform exceptionally well as precursors of price direction and momentum. Each works within the context of surrounding price bars in predicting higher or lower prices. They are also time sensitive in two ways. First, they only work within the limitations of the chart being reviewed, whether intraday, daily, weekly or monthly. Second, their potency decreases rapidly three to five bars after the pattern has completed.

Top 5 Candlestick Patterns.

This analysis relies on the work of Thomas Bulkowski, who built performance rankings for candlestick patterns in his 2008 book, "Encyclopedia of Candlestick Charts." He offers statistics for two kinds of expected pattern outcomes: reversal and continuation. Candlestick reversal patterns predict a change in price direction, while continuation patterns predict an extension in the current price direction.

In the following examples, the hollow white candlestick denotes a closing print higher than the opening print, while the black candlestick denotes a closing print lower than the opening print. (See The Basic Language of Candlestick Charting for more information.)

Three Line Strike.

The bullish three line strike reversal pattern carves out three black candles within a downtrend. Each bar posts a lower low and closes near the intrabar low. The fourth bar opens even lower but reverses in a wide-range outside bar that closes above the high of the first candle in the series. The opening print also marks the low of the fourth bar. According to Bulkowski, this reversal predicts higher prices with an 84% accuracy rate.

Two Black Gapping.

The bearish two black gapping continuation pattern appears after a notable top in an uptrend, with a gap down that yields two black bars posting lower lows. This pattern predicts that the decline will continue to even lower lows, perhaps triggering a broader-scale downtrend. According to Bulkowski, this pattern predicts lower prices with a 68% accuracy rate.

Three Black Crows.

The bearish three black crows reversal pattern starts at or near the high of an uptrend, with three black bars posting lower lows that close near intrabar lows. This pattern predicts that the decline will continue to even lower lows, perhaps triggering a broader-scale downtrend. The most bearish version starts at a new high (point A on the chart) because it traps buyers entering momentum plays. According to Bulkowski, this pattern predicts lower prices with a 78% accuracy rate. (For related reading, see How Do I Build a Profitable Trading Strategy When Spotting a Three Black Crows Pattern? )

Evening Star.

The bearish evening star reversal pattern starts with a tall white bar that carries an uptrend to a new high. The market gaps higher on the next bar, but fresh buyers fail to appear, yielding a narrow range candlestick. A gap down on the third bar completes the pattern, which predicts that the decline will continue to even lower lows, perhaps triggering a broader-scale downtrend. According to Bulkowski, this pattern predicts lower prices with a 72% accuracy rate. (See also: How Is an Evening Star Pattern Interpreted by Analysts and Traders? )

Abandoned Baby.

The bullish abandoned baby reversal pattern appears at the low of a downtrend, after a series of black candles print lower lows. The market gaps lower on the next bar, but fresh sellers fail to appear, yielding a narrow range doji candlestick with opening and closing prints at the same price. A bullish gap on the third bar completes the pattern, which predicts that the recovery will continue to even higher highs, perhaps triggering a broader-scale uptrend. According to Bulkowski, this pattern predicts higher prices with a 70% accuracy rate. (For more, see Using Bullish Candlestick Patterns to Buy Stocks .)

The Bottom Line.

Candlestick patterns capture the attention of market players, but many reversal and continuation signals emitted by these patterns don't work reliably in the modern electronic environment. Fortunately, statistics by Thomas Bulkowski show unusual accuracy for a narrow selection of these patterns, offering traders actionable buy and sell signals. (To learn more, take a look at Advanced Candlestick Patterns .)

Top 5 candlestick strategies.

Candlestick charts are one of the most powerful technical analysis tools in the trader’s toolkit. They are also one of the most prevalent. Most technical analysis programs use candlesticks as the default mode of charting. Used correctly, candlesticks can give a signal in advance of much other market action. They can be a leading indicator of market activity.

But familiarity doesn’t necessarily breed expertise. There are perhaps more than 100 individual candlesticks and candlestick patterns. This is a daunting amount of information for a trader to understand and apply.

As with most things, some candlestick patterns are more useful than others. Here, we will take a look at some of the most viable for stock traders. These are candlestick patterns that experience shows have the most relevance to making consistently profitable trading decisions. Used correctly, they should increase the accuracy of your predictions.

For those not familiar with the details of candlestick charting, it’s important to go over the fundamentals. The difference between the open and the close is called the “real body” of the candlestick. The higher of these values creates the upper extreme of the real body, and the lower of these values creates the lower extreme. The amount the stock rose in price above the real body is called the upper shadow. The amount that the stock fell below the real body is called the lower shadow.

If the candle is green or white, it means the lower extreme is defined by the opening price and that the stock’s price rose during the period being charted. If the candle is red or black, then the lower extreme identifies the closing price, and the stock fell during the period.

Candles may be created for any time period: Monthly, weekly, hourly or even a minute. Regardless of the time frame, candlesticks should not be judged in isolation; traders should always look for follow-up action to confirm any signals during the following applicable period.

Japanese Candlestick Patterns In Forex Trading.

Japanese Candlestick Patterns.

• A Brief History of Japanese Candlestick Charting Patterns.

Candlestick charts originated in Japan during the 18th century. Since no defined currency standard existed in Japan during this time rice represented a medium of exchange. Various feudal lords deposited rice in warehouses in Osaka and would then sell or trade the coupon receipts, thus rice become the first futures market. In the 1700s legendary Japanese rice trader Homma Munehisa studied all aspects of rice trading from the fundamentals to market psychology.

Homma subsequently dominated the Japanese rice markets and built a huge fortune. His trading techniques and principles eventually evolved into the candlestick methodology which was then used by Japanese technical analysts when the Japanese stock market began in the 1870s. The method was picked up by famed market technician Charles Dow around 1900 and remains arguably the most popular form of technical analysis chart in use by today’s traders of financial instruments.

Candlestick charts show the same information as bar charts but in a graphical format that provides a more detailed and accurate representation of price action.

Candlestick charts visually display the supply and demand situation by showing who is winning the battle between the bulls and the bears.

Candlestick charts reveal another dimension of the given period’s price action by pictorially displaying the force (or lack of force) behind each price bar’s movement.

Candlestick formations make all single bar and multi-bar patterns significantly easier to spot in real time, thus increasing your chances of catching high probability trade setups. In addition, because candlestick charts use the same data as bar charts (open, high, low, and close), all Western technical signals used on a bar chart can easily be applied to a candlestick chart.

Candlestick charts offer everything bar charts do and more, using them is a win-win situation because you can use all the trading signals normally used on bar charts with the added clarity and additional signals generated by candlesticks.

Candlesticks charts are more fun to look at.

Candlesticks have a central portion that displays the price distance between the open and the close. This area is known as the real body or simply the body.

The price distance between the open and the high for the period being analyzed is called the upper shadow, sometimes referred to as an “upper wick” as well. The highest price paid for a particular period is the marked by the high of the upper shadow.

The price distance between the close and the low for the period being analyzed is called the lower shadow, sometimes referred to as a “lower wick”.

The real body displays the opening and closing price of the security being traded. Closing prices have added significance because they determine the conviction of the bulls or bears. If the security closed higher than it opened, the real body is white or unfilled, with the opening price at the bottom of the real body and the closing price at the top. If the security closed lower than it opened, the real body is black, with the opening price at the top and the closing price at the bottom. Depending on the price action for the period being analyzed a candlestick might not have a body or a wick.

To better highlight or visualize price movements, modern candlestick charts (especially those displayed digitally) often replace the black or white of the candlestick real body with colors such as red (for a lower closing) and blue or green (for a higher closing).

There are multiple forms of candlestick patterns; here is a brief overview of the most popular and widely used single and multi-bar patterns commonly used today.

Signals uptrend movement, they occur in different lengths; the longer the body, the more significant the price increase.

Signals downtrend movement, they occur in different lengths; the longer the body, the more significant the price decrease.

These candles provide a bullish signal, the lower shadow must be at least the size of the real body; the longer the lower shadow the more reliable the signal.

These candles provide a bearish signal, the upper shadow must be at least the size of the real body; the longer the upper shadow the more reliable the signal.

The hammer is a bullish signal that occurs during a downtrend. The lower shadow should be at least twice the length of the real-body. Hammers have little or no upper shadow. When a hammer occurs during an uptrend it is known as a “hanging man” and is a bearish signal. Because of the bullish long lower shadow however, this pattern needs bearish confirmation by a close under the hanging man’s real body.

This candle has a long upper shadow with little, or no lower shadow, and a small real body near the lows of the session that develops during or after and uptrend.

The Harami is a two-candlestick pattern in which a small real body forms within the prior session’s larger real body.

The Doji is a candlestick in which the session’s open and close are the same, or almost the same. There are a few different varieties of Dojis, depending on where the opening and closing are in relation to the bar’s range.

The Dragonfly Doji has a long lower shadow, the open, high, and close are at or very near the session’s high. This pattern often signals reversal of downtrend.

The Gravestone Doji has a long upper shadow, the open, low, and close are at or very near the session’s low. This pattern often signals reversal of an uptrend.

High wave candle / long-legged doji.

This candle has a very long upper or lower shadow and a small real body. If the opening and closing price are the same the candle has no real body and is then called a Long-Legged Doji. The first picture is a high wave candle the second is a Long-Legged Doji.

The bullish engulfing pattern consists of large white real body that engulfs a small black real body in a downtrend. The bearish engulfing pattern occurs when the bears overwhelm the bulls and is reflected by a long black real body engulfing a small white real body in an uptrend.

Spinning tops are simply candles with small real bodies.

• How Candlestick patterns translate into Nial Fuller’s Price Action Setups.

My favorite price action setups consist of the pin bar, the inside bar, and my proprietary fakey setup. The above candlestick patterns can easily be condensed down to one of my three price action setups or may be applicable to more than one of my price action setups. It can be difficult to keep track of the various forms of candlestick patterns. This is why I feel like my three main price action setups do a great comprehensive job of including all the relative candlestick patterns and make them easier to understand in the context of daily price action. Let’s take a look at some charts with examples of some of the various candlestick patterns converted into my price action setups.

The pin bar can include the following previously described candlestick patterns; long lower shadow candles and long upper shadow candles, hammers and shooting stars, dragonfly and gravestone dojis.

Inside bars can technically encompass any candlestick pattern because they are simply a series of at least two candlesticks where the first candlestick completely engulfs the entire range of the subsequent candlestick, however, more often than not inside bars end up being spinning tops or dojis. Note, the inside bar is different from the “engulfing pattern” because it includes the entire range of the bar, from high to low, where as the engulfing pattern only includes engulfment of the real body of the candle. I generally trade inside bars in the context of a strongly trending market as they are often great entry points into trends. However, often times inside bars will occur at major market turning points as well as the previous trend loses momentum, pauses and forms an inside bar, and then changes direction.

The Fakey Setup.

My fakey setup is essentially a multi-bar pattern that consists of a false break from an inside bar pattern or a key level. The fakey can consist of a number of different candlestick patterns. Often times the fakey setup will consist of a bullish or bearish engulfing pattern which is completely engulfing the range of a spinning top or doji candle which gives rise to a false break bar that can take the form of any of the candlesticks above that qualify as pin bars.

Candlestick charts offer a more vivid depiction of price action than what a standard bar chart can provide. Candlestick patterns in and of themselves are useful, however there are many different names and interpretations of candlestick patterns which often can induce confusion and can be hard to keep track of. You will find that my price action educational material condenses all of the important candlestick patterns into 3 simple yet highly effective price action setups. I feel that my take on candlestick patterns expressed via my proprietary ideas on price action trading is a much more efficient, simple, and profitable way to trade candlesticks and I think after studying my forex trading course you will feel the same way.

6 Comments Leave a Comment.

Great explanation with graphics! Others often just explain candles by descriptions, but having it in graphics makes it more easier to understand.

BASIC, BETTER AND THE BEST TO MOST I HAVE TRIED TO READ.

EXPLANATION IS GREAT.

Loved this so much. Awesome teaching.

Thanks Nial for your help and lucid explanation about every aspect of trading.

I really appreciate your concerns.

Additionally, for a newbie in Forex , what do you recommend in the first place?

Is studying books a good start in trading career?

good explanation candlestick.

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